Opioid Data Overview | |||
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Indicator | Definition | ICD codes/Detailed Explanation | Data Source |
Overdose deaths involving any opioid, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
The number of poisoning deaths involving any opioid (all manners, using all causes of death) per 100,000 population | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Any opioid in all other causes of death: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 | Vital Records a |
Overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
The number of poisoning deaths involving any synthetic opioid other than methadone (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), all manners, using all causes of death, per 100,000 population | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Any synthetic opioids other than methadone in all other causes of death: T40.4 | Vital Records a |
All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving opioid overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
The number of all emergency department visits involving any opioid poisoning as the principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury per 100,000 population | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving heroin overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
The number of all emergency department visits involving heroin poisoning, principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury per 100,000 population | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.1 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T401X5S, T401X6S) | SPARCS b |
Overdose deaths involving opioids and non-fatal opioid related hospital events, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Poisoning deaths involving any opioid, non-fatal outpatient ED visits and hospital discharges involving opioid abuse, poisoning, dependence and unspecified use. | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple
cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Any opioid in all other causes of death: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 ICD-10-CM: Opioid abuse (Principal Diagnosis: F1110, F11120, F11121, F11122, F11129, F1114, F11150, F11151, F11159, F11181, F11182, F11188, F1119); Opioid dependence and unspecified use (Principal Diagnosis: F1120, F11220, F11221, F11222, F11229, F1123, F1124, F11250, F11251, F11259, F11281, F11282, F11288, F1129, F1190, F11920, F11921, F11922, F11929, F1193, F1194, F11950, F11951, F11959, F11981, F11982, F11988, F1199); Opioid poisoning (Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) |
Vital Records a; SPARCS b |
Suspected opioid overdoses by EMS agencies, crude rate per 1,000 unique 911 EMS dispatches County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
If any one of the following conditions are met: 1) naloxone is administered with positive response, 2) provider impressions indicate poisoning by opioids, 3) provider impressions indicate opioid related disorder and naloxone is administered, 4) provider impressions indicate unspecified drug overdose and opioid term is mentioned in narrative and response to naloxone is not worse and no narcotics are administered by EMS, 5) provider impressions indicate unspecified drug overdose, cardiac arrest, apnea, or respiratory failure and opioid term is mentioned in narrative and naloxone is administered and patient fatality is indicated, 6) opioid term and overdose term mentioned in narrative (with no rule out term) and at least two additional terms indicating an opioid overdose mentioned in narrative and no narcotics are administered by EMS |
Please see appendix 1 for detailed methodology | NYS e-PCR data, and selected regional EMS Program data collection methods (see Data Sources) d |
Outpatient ED visits and hospital discharges involving opioid abuse,
dependence and unspecified use, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Outpatient ED visits and hospital discharges involving opioid abuse, dependence and unspecified use. | ICD-10-CM: Opioid abuse (Principal Diagnosis: F1110, F11120, F11121, F11122, F11129, F1114, F11150, F11151, F11159, F11181, F11182, F11188, F1119); Opioid dependence and unspecified use (Principal Diagnosis: F1120, F11220, F11221, F11222, F11229, F1123, F1124, F11250, F11251, F11259, F11281, F11282, F11288, F1129, F1190, F11920, F11921, F11922, F11929, F1193, F1194, F11950, F11951, F11959, F11981, F11982, F11988, F1199) | SPARCS b |
Hospital discharges involving opioid use (including abuse, poisoning, dependence and unspecified use), crude rate per 100,000
population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Opioid use includes abuse, poisoning, dependence and unspecified use. | ICD-10-CM: Opioid abuse (Principal Diagnosis: F1110, F11120, F11121, F11122, F11129, F1114, F11150, F11151, F11159, F11181, F11182, F11188, F1119); Opioid dependence and unspecified use (Principal Diagnosis: F1120, F11220, F11221, F11222, F11229, F1123, F1124, F11250, F11251, F11259, F11281, F11282, F11288, F1129, F1190, F11920, F11921, F11922, F11929, F1193, F1194, F11950, F11951, F11959, F11981, F11982, F11988, F1199); Opioid poisoning (Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
Patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Number and rate of patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder per 100,000 residents Because dispensed prescription data for controlled substances can be reported or corrected after the date the drug was dispensed, the historic prescription data on this webpage is subject to subsequent updating. |
Patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder within the state. | NYS PMP registry e |
Admissions to OASAS-certified substance use disorder treatment programs for any opioid (incl. heroin), crude rate per 100,000 population - Aged 12+ years
County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Admissions to OASAS-certified substance use disorder treatment programs with heroin or any other synthetic or semi-synthetic opioid reported as the primary, secondary, or tertiary substance of use at admission, aggregated by client ZIP Code of residence. | Clients may also have heroin or any other substance as the primary, secondary, or tertiary substance of use at admission. Other opioid includes synthetic and semi-synthetic opioids. The OASAS Client Data System (CDS) collects specific data on methadone, buprenorphine, oxycodone, as well as “other synthetic opioids.” Other synthetic opioids also include drugs such as hydrocodone, pharmaceutical and/or nonpharmaceutical fentanyl. |
OASAS c |
Opioid analgesics prescription, crude rate per 1,000 population
County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Number and rate of opioid analgesic prescriptions per 1,000 residents The rates presented are controlled substance prescription rates per population. These numbers are federally-standardized indicators used to measure types of progress toward combating the controlled substance epidemic in certain states. They are not rates of the number of different people who are receiving a controlled substance prescription in a certain population. Rather, they are rates of the number of specific controlled substance prescriptions written and dispensed within the period. For example, if a county has a rate of 25, that means there were 25 prescriptions per 1,000 people in the population. However, it does not necessarily mean that 25 out of 1,000 individuals received a prescription; all 25 controlled substance prescriptions could have been for one individual. Because dispensed prescription data for controlled substances can be reported or corrected after the date the drug was dispensed, the historic prescription data on this webpage is subject to subsequent updating. The data exclude buprenorphine prescriptions for the treatment of opioid use disorder. |
Schedule II, III and IV opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed to state residents. | NYS PMP registry e |
Percentage of incidents when patients were opioid naïve and received an opioid prescription of more than seven days County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Number and percent of incidents when patient was opioid naïve and received an index opioid prescription of more than seven days The denominator was opioid naïve incidents which was defined as patient with no opioid for pain prescription in last 45 days. The numerator was defined as opioid naïve incidents where patient received an index prescription of an opioid of more than seven days. |
Schedule II, III and IV opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed to state residents. | NYS PMP registry e |
Percentage of patients prescribed one or more opioid analgesics with a total daily dose of 90 MME or more on at least one day County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Percentage of patients with a total daily dose of >= 90 MME on at least one day | Number of patients prescribed one or more opioid analgesics prescription with a total daily dose of 90 MME on at least one day among opioid analgesics patients | NYS PMP registry e |
Percentage of patients* with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number |
Percentage of patients with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions Percentage of patients* with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions | Number of patients with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions among patients with at least one prescription for opioid analgesics or benzodiazepines during a given year | NYS PMP registry e |
Emergency Medical Services | |||
1 - Unique naloxone administrations by EMS agencies, crude rate per 1,000 unique 911 EMS dispatches County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 1 |
Unique naloxone administrations represent an EMS encounter in which naloxone was administered during the course of patient care. Often, administrations of naloxone are given to patients presenting with similar signs and symptoms of a potential opioid overdose; final diagnosis of an opioid overdose is completed during definitive care or final evaluation. | Medication administered is equal to Naloxone or Narcan. | NYS e-PCR data, and selected regional EMS Program data collection methods (see Data Sources) d |
2 - Suspected opioid overdoses by EMS agencies, crude rate per 1,000 unique 911 EMS dispatches County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 2 |
If any one of the following conditions are met: 1) naloxone is administered with positive response, 2) provider impressions indicate poisoning by opioids, 3) provider impressions indicate opioid related disorder and naloxone is administered, 4) provider impressions indicate unspecified drug overdose and opioid term is mentioned in narrative and response to naloxone is not worse and no narcotics are administered by EMS, 5) provider impressions indicate unspecified drug overdose, cardiac arrest, apnea, or respiratory failure and opioid term is mentioned in narrative and naloxone is administered and patient fatality is indicated, 6) opioid term and overdose term mentioned in narrative (with no rule out term) and at least two additional terms indicating an opioid overdose mentioned in narrative and no narcotics are administered by EMS |
Please see appendix 1 for detailed methodology | NYS e-PCR data, and selected regional EMS Program data collection methods (see Data Sources) d | Prescription Monitoring Program |
3 - Opioid analgesics prescription, crude rate per 1,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 3 4 - Opioid analgesics prescription, age-adjusted rate per 1,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 4 |
Number and rate of opioid analgesic prescriptions per 1,000 residents The rates presented are controlled substance prescription rates per population. These numbers are federally-standardized indicators used to measure types of progress toward combating the controlled substance epidemic in certain states. They are not rates of the number of different people who are receiving a controlled substance prescription in a certain population. Rather, they are rates of the number of specific controlled substance prescriptions written and dispensed within the period. For example, if a county has a rate of 25, that means there were 25 prescriptions per 1,000 people in the population. However, it does not necessarily mean that 25 out of 1,000 individuals received a prescription; all 25 controlled substance prescriptions could have been for one individual. Because dispensed prescription data for controlled substances can be reported or corrected after the date the drug was dispensed, the historic prescription data on this webpage is subject to subsequent updating. The data exclude buprenorphine prescriptions for the treatment of opioid use disorder. |
Schedule II, III and IV opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed to state residents. | NYS PMP registry e |
5 - Percentage of incidents when patients were opioid naïve and received an opioid prescription of more than seven days County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 5 |
Number and percent of incidents when patient was opioid naïve and received an index opioid prescription of more than seven days The denominator was opioid naïve incidents which was defined as patient with no opioid for pain prescription in last 45 days. The numerator was defined as opioid naïve incidents where patient received an index prescription of an opioid of more than seven days. |
Schedule II, III and IV opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed to state residents. | NYS PMP registry e |
6 - Patients prescribed opioid analgesics from five or more prescribers and dispensed at five or more pharmacies, crude rate per 100,000 population | Multiple provider episodes for prescription opioids (five or more prescribers and five or more pharmacies in a six-month period), crude rate
per 100,000 residents. The data exclude buprenorphine prescriptions for the treatment of opioid use disorder. |
Number of patients receiving prescriptions for opioid analgesics from five or more prescribers and that are dispensed at five or more pharmacies in a six-month period. | NYS PMP registry e |
7 - Percentage of patients prescribed one or more opioid analgesics with a total daily dose of 90 MME or more on at least one day County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 6 |
Percentage of patients with a total daily dose of >= 90 MME on at least one day | Number of patients prescribed one or more opioid analgesics prescription with a total daily dose of 90 MME on at least one day among opioid analgesics patients | NYS PMP registry e |
8 - Percentage of patients* with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 7 |
Percentage of patients with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions Percentage of patients* with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions | Number of patients with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic and benzodiazepine prescriptions among patients with at least one prescription for opioid analgesics or benzodiazepines during a given year | NYS PMP registry e |
9 - Percentage of patients* with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic prescriptions County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 8 |
Percentage of patients with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic prescriptions | Number of patients with two or more calendar days of overlapping opioid analgesic prescriptions among patients with at least one prescription for opioid analgesics during a given year | NYS PMP registry e |
10 - Benzodiazepine prescription, crude rate per 1,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 9 11 - Benzodiazepine prescription, age-adjusted rate per 1,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 10 |
Number and rate of benzodiazepine prescriptions per 1,000 residents The rates presented are controlled substance prescription rates per population. These numbers are federally-standardized indicators used to measure types of progress toward combating the controlled substance epidemic in certain states. They are not rates of the number of different people who are receiving a controlled substance prescription in a certain population. Rather, they are rates of the number of specific controlled substance prescriptions written and dispensed within the period. For example, if a county has a rate of 25, that means there were 25 prescriptions per 1,000 people in the population. However, it does not necessarily mean that 25 out of 1,000 individuals received a prescription; all 25 controlled substance prescriptions could have been for one individual. Because dispensed prescription data for controlled substances can be reported or corrected after the date the drug was dispensed, the historic prescription data on this webpage is subject to subsequent updating. |
Benzodiazepine prescriptions dispensed to residents within the state or specific county. Common benzodiazepine prescriptions include alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, and lorazepam. | NYS PMP registry e |
12 - Patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 11 13 - Patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 12 |
Number and rate of patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder per 100,000 residents Because dispensed prescription data for controlled substances can be reported or corrected after the date the drug was dispensed, the historic prescription data on this webpage is subject to subsequent updating. |
Patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder within the state. | NYS PMP registry e | Overdose Deaths |
14 - Overdose deaths involving any drug, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 13 15 - Overdose deaths involving any drug, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 14 |
All drug poisoning deaths | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 | Vital Records a |
16 - Overdose deaths involving any opioid, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 15 17 - Overdose deaths involving any opioid, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 16 |
Poisoning deaths involving any opioid, all manners, using all causes of death | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Any opioid in all other causes of death: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 | Vital Records a |
18 - Overdose deaths involving heroin, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 17 19 - Overdose deaths involving heroin, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 18 |
Poisoning deaths involving heroin, all manners, using all causes of death | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Heroin in all other causes of death: T40.1 | Vital Records a |
20 - Overdose deaths involving opioid pain relievers (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 19 21 - Overdose deaths involving opioid pain relievers (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 20 |
Poisoning deaths involving any opioid pain reliever (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), all manners, using all causes of death | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Any opioid pain relievers (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl) in all other causes of death: T40.2, T40.3, T40.4 | Vital Records a |
22 - Overdose deaths involving cocaine, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 21 23 - Overdose deaths involving cocaine, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 22 |
Poisoning deaths involving cocaine, all manners, using all causes of death | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Cocaine in all other causes of death: T40.5 | Vital Records a |
24 - Overdose deaths involving certain psychostimulants (e.g., methamphetamine, MDMA, prescription stimulants), crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 23 25 - Overdose deaths involving certain psychostimulants (e.g., methamphetamine, MDMA, prescription stimulants), crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 24 |
Poisoning deaths involving certain psychostimulants (e.g., methamphetamine, MDMA, prescription stimulants), all manners, using all causes of deaths | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Psychostimulants excl. Cocaine in all other causes of death: T43.6 | Vital Records a |
26 - Overdose deaths involving methadone, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 25 27 - Overdose deaths involving methadone, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 26 |
Poisoning deaths involving methadone, all manners, using all causes of death | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Methadone in all other causes of death: T40.3 | Vital Records a |
28 - Overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 27 29 - Overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 28 |
Poisoning deaths involving any synthetic opioid other than methadone (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), all manners, using all causes of death | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Any synthetic opioids other than methadone in all other causes of death: T40.4 | Vital Records a |
30 - Overdose deaths involving opioids and non-fatal opioid related hospital events, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 29 |
Poisoning deaths involving any opioid, non-fatal outpatient ED visits and hospital discharges involving opioid abuse, poisoning, dependence and unspecified use. | Underlying cause of death, determined from the field designated as such, or, where missing or unknown, from the first listed multiple
cause of death field: X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, Y10-Y14 AND Any opioid in all other causes of death: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 ICD-10-CM: Opioid abuse (Principal Diagnosis: F1110, F11120, F11121, F11122, F11129, F1114, F11150, F11151, F11159, F11181, F11182, F11188, F1119); Opioid dependence and unspecified use (Principal Diagnosis: F1120, F11220, F11221, F11222, F11229, F1123, F1124, F11250, F11251, F11259, F11281, F11282, F11288, F1129, F1190, F11920, F11921, F11922, F11929, F1193, F1194, F11950, F11951, F11959, F11981, F11982, F11988, F1199); Opioid poisoning (Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) |
Vital Records a; SPARCS b | Emergency Department Visits |
31 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving any drug overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 30 32 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving any drug overdose, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 31 |
All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving any drug poisoning | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T36-T50 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in The 5th/6th character (For T36.9, T37.9, T39.9, T41.4, T42.7, T43.9, T45.9, T47.9, and T49.9, a 5th character; for all others, a 6th character); and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
33 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving any opioid overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 32 34 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving any opioid overdose, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 33 |
All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving any opioid poisoning, principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
35 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving heroin overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 34 36 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving heroin overdose, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 35 |
All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving heroin poisoning, principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.1 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T401X5S, T401X6S) | SPARCS b |
37 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving opioid overdose excluding heroin (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 36 38 - All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving opioid overdose excluding heroin (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 37 |
All emergency department visits (including outpatients and admitted patients) involving any opioid poisoning except heroin (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
39 - Outpatient ED visits and hospital discharges involving opioid abuse,
dependence and unspecified use, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 38 |
Outpatient ED visits and hospital discharges involving opioid abuse, dependence and unspecified use. | ICD-10-CM: Opioid abuse (Principal Diagnosis: F1110, F11120, F11121, F11122, F11129, F1114, F11150, F11151, F11159, F11181, F11182, F11188, F1119); Opioid dependence and unspecified use (Principal Diagnosis: F1120, F11220, F11221, F11222, F11229, F1123, F1124, F11250, F11251, F11259, F11281, F11282, F11288, F1129, F1190, F11920, F11921, F11922, F11929, F1193, F1194, F11950, F11951, F11959, F11981, F11982, F11988, F1199) | SPARCS b | Hospital Discharges |
40 - Hospital discharges involving any drug overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 39 41 - Hospital discharges involving any drug overdose, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 40 |
Hospital discharges involving any drug poisoning | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T36-T50 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in The 5th/6th character (For T36.9, T37.9, T39.9, T41.4, T42.7, T43.9, T45.9, T47.9, and T49.9, a 5th character; for all others, a 6th character); and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
42 - Hospital discharges involving any opioid overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 41 43 - Hospital discharges involving any opioid overdose, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 42 |
Hospital discharges involving any opioid poisoning, principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
44 - Hospital discharges involving heroin overdose, crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 43 45 - Hospital discharges involving heroin overdose, age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 44 |
Hospital discharges involving heroin poisoning, principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.1 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T401X5S, T401X6S) | SPARCS b |
46 - Hospital discharges involving opioid overdose excluding heroin (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), crude rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 45 47 - Hospital discharges involving opioid overdose excluding heroin (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), age-adjusted rate per 100,000 population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 46 |
Hospital discharges involving any opioid poisoning except heroin (incl. illicitly produced opioids such as fentanyl), principal diagnosis or first-listed cause of injury | ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b |
48 - Newborns with neonatal withdrawal syndrome and/or affected by maternal use of opioid or other substance (any diagnosis),
crude rate per 1,000 newborn discharges County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 47 |
Neonatal withdrawal symptoms from maternal use of drugs of addiction, and/or newborns affected by maternal use of drugs of addiction (other than cocaine) including opiates, sedative-hypnotics and anxiolytics |
ICD-10-CM: Principal Diagnosis: Z38 (liveborn infants) AND P96.1 (neonatal withdrawal symptoms from maternal use of drugs of addiction)
or P04.49 (newborns affected by maternal use of drugs of addiction (other than cocaine)) or P04.14 (newborns affected by maternal use of opiates)
or P04.17 (newborns affected by maternal use of sedative-hypnotics) or P04.1A (newborns affected by maternal use of anxiolytics) in any other diagnoses P04.14, P04.17, and P04.1A are three new codes effect 10/1/2018 |
SPARCS b |
49 - Hospital discharges involving opioid use (including abuse, poisoning, dependence and unspecified use), crude rate per 100,000
population County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 48 |
Opioid use includes abuse, poisoning, dependence and unspecified use. | ICD-10-CM: Opioid abuse (Principal Diagnosis: F1110, F11120, F11121, F11122, F11129, F1114, F11150, F11151, F11159, F11181, F11182, F11188, F1119); Opioid dependence and unspecified use (Principal Diagnosis: F1120, F11220, F11221, F11222, F11229, F1123, F1124, F11250, F11251, F11259, F11281, F11282, F11288, F1129, F1190, F11920, F11921, F11922, F11929, F1193, F1194, F11950, F11951, F11959, F11981, F11982, F11988, F1199); Opioid poisoning (Principal Diagnosis: T40.0, T40.1, T40.2, T40.3, T40.4, T40.6 (Excludes ‘adverse effect’ or ‘underdosing’ as indicated by the values of 5 and 6 in the 6th character; and ‘sequela’ as indicated by the value of ‘S’ in the 7th character; e.g. T400X5S, T400X6S) | SPARCS b | Substance Use Disorder Treatment Admissions |
50 - Admissions to OASAS-certified substance use disorder treatment programs for heroin, crude rate per 100,000 population - Aged 12+ years County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 49 |
Admissions to OASAS-certified substance use disorder treatment programs with heroin reported as the primary, secondary, or tertiary substance of use at admission, aggregated by client ZIP Code of residence. | Clients may also have heroin or any other substance as the primary, secondary, or tertiary substance of use at admission. | OASAS c |
51 – Admissions to OASAS-certified substance use disorder treatment programs for any opioid (incl. heroin), crude rate per 100,000 population - Aged 12+ years County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 50 |
Admissions of clients to OASAS-certified substance use disorder treatment programs with heroin or any other synthetic or semi-synthetic opioid reported as the primary, secondary, or tertiary substance of use at admission, aggregated by client ZIP Code of residence. | Clients may also have heroin or any other substance as the primary, secondary, or tertiary substance of use at admission. Other opioid includes synthetic and semi-synthetic opioids. The OASAS Client Data System (CDS) collects specific data on methadone, buprenorphine, oxycodone, as well as “other synthetic opioids.” Other synthetic opioids also include drugs such as hydrocodone, pharmaceutical and/or nonpharmaceutical fentanyl. |
OASAS c |
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System | |||
52 - Percentage of adults who have self-reported prescription pain medication misuse in the past 12 months County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 51 |
Percentage of New York adult residents aged 18 years and older who have self-reported misuse of prescription pain medication in the past 12 months | Survey question: “In the past 12 months, have you used prescription pain medicine without
“In the past 12 months, have you used prescription pain medicine without a healthcare
provider's prescription or differently than how the healthcare provider told you to use it?” Responses: “A. Yes; B. No" |
BRFSS f |
53 - Age-adjusted percentage of adults who have self-reported prescription pain medication misuse in the past 12 months County Dashboard Tracking Indicator Number - 52 |
Age-adjusted percentage of New York adult residents aged 18 years and older who have self-reported misuse of prescription pain medication in the past 12 months | Survey question: “In the past 12 months, have you used prescription pain medicine without a
healthcare provider's prescription or
differently than how the healthcare provider told you to use it?” Responses: “A. Yes; B. No" |
BRFSS f |
54 - Percentage of adults who have self-reported heroin use in the past 12 months | Percentage of New York adult residents aged 18 years and older who have self-reported heroin use in the past 12 months | Survey question: “In the past 12 months, have you used heroin?” Responses: “A. Yes; B. No" |
BRFSS f |
55 - Age-adjusted percentage of adults who have self-reported heroin use in the past 12 months | Age-adjusted percentage of New York adult residents aged 18 years and older who have self-reported heroin use in the past 12 months | Survey question: “In the past 12 months, have you used heroin?” Responses: “A. Yes; B. No" |
BRFSS f |
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System | |||
56 - Percentage of high school students reporting ever using cocaine | Percentage of respondents indicating that they had ever used cocaine | Survey question: “During your life, how many times have you used any form of cocaine, including powder, crack, or freebase?” Responses: “A. 0 times B. 1 or 2 times C. 3 to 9 times D. 10 to 19 times E. 20 to 39 times F. 40 or more times” |
YRBSS g |
57 - Percentage of high school students reporting ever using heroin | Percentage of respondents indicating that they had ever used heroin | Survey question: “During your life, how many times have you used heroin (also called smack, junk, or China White)?” Responses: “A. 0 times B. 1 or 2 times C. 3 to 9 times D. 10 to 19 times E. 20 to 39 times F. 40 or more times” |
YRBSS g |
58 - Percentage of high school students reporting ever using methamphetamines | Percentage of respondents indicating that they had ever used methamphetamines | Survey question: “During your life, how many times have you used methamphetamines (also called speed, crystal, crank, ice, or meth)?” Responses: “A. 0 times B. 1 or 2 times C. 3 to 9 times D. 10 to 19 times E. 20 to 39 times F. 40 or more times” |
YRBSS g |
59 - Percentage of high school students reporting ever injecting an illegal drug | Percentage of respondents indicating that they had ever injected an illegal drug | Survey question: “During your life, how many times have you used a needle to inject any illegal drug into your body?” Responses: “A. 0 times B. 1 time C. 2 or more times” |
YRBSS g |
60 - Percentage of high school students reporting ever using synthetic marijuana | Percentage of respondents indicating that they had ever used synthetic marijuana | Survey question: “During your life, how many times have you used synthetic marijuana?" Responses: “A. 0 times B. 1 or 2 times C. 3 to 9 times D. 10 to 19 times E. 20 to 39 times F. 40 or more times” |
YRBSS g | National Survey on Drug Use and Health |
61 - Illicit drug use in the past month, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported using illicit drugs in the past month | Illicit drug use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics (pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives) or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own, use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. | NSDUH h |
62 - Illicit drug use other than marijuana in the past month, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported using illicit drugs other than marijuana in the past month | Illicit drug use other than marijuana use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics (pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives) or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. This excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. | NSDUH h |
63 - Heroin use in the past year, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported using heroin in the past year | Measures of use of heroin in the respondent's lifetime, the past year, and the past month were derived from responses to the questions about lifetime and recency of use (e.g., "How long has it been since you last used heroin?"). The question about recency of use was asked if respondents previously reported any use of heroin in their lifetime. | NSDUH h |
64 - Perceptions of great risk from trying heroin once or twice, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported preceiving great risk from trying heroin once or twice | Respondents were asked to assess the extent to which people risk harming themselves physically and in other ways when they use various illicit drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes, with various levels of frequency. Response options were (1) no risk, (2) slight risk, (3) moderate risk, and (4) great risk. Although these questions on the perceived risk of harm from using various substances did not change for 2015, other changes to the 2015 questionnaire appeared to affect the comparability of several of these measures between 2015 and prior years. | NSDUH h |
65 - Pain reliever misuse in the past year, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported pain reliever misuse in the past year | Measures of use or misuse of prescription pain relievers in the
respondent's lifetime and past year were derived from a series of questions that first asked respondents about any use
(i.e., for any reason) of specific
prescription pain relievers in the past 12 months. Respondents were instructed not to include the use of over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers, such as aspirin, Tylenol®, Advil®, or Aleve®. Respondents who did not report use of any pain
reliever in the past 12 months were asked whether they ever, even once, used prescription pain relievers.
Respondents who reported they used specific prescription pain relievers in the past 12 months for any reason were shown a list reminding them of the drugs they used in the past 12 months. For each of these drugs, respondents were asked whether they misused it (or them) in the past 12 months (i.e., use in any way a doctor did not direct them to use it). Examples of misuse were presented to respondents and included (1) use without a prescription of the respondent's own; (2) use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told to take a drug; or (3) use in any other way a doctor did not direct the respondent to use a drug. Beginning in 2017, respondents were reminded not to include OTC drugs when they were asked if they misused any other prescription pain reliever in the past 12 months. |
NSDUH h |
66 - Illicit drug dependence in the past year, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported illicit drug dependence in the past year | NSDUH dependence questions for alcohol or illicit drugs ask about the following symptoms, consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV): (1) spent a lot of time engaging in activities related to substance use, (2) used the substance in greater quantities
or for a longer time than intended, (3) developed tolerance (i.e., needing to use the substance more than before to get desired effects or noticing that the same
amount of substance use had less effect than before), (4) made unsuccessful attempts to cut down on substance use, (5) continued substance use despite physical
health or emotional problems associated with substance use, (6) reduced or eliminated participation in other activities because of substance use, and (7) experienced
withdrawal symptoms.
For the specific illicit drugs (i.e., cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, prescription pain relievers, prescription stimulants, and prescription sedatives) and alcohol that include a withdrawal criterion as one of the criteria that can be used to establish dependence, respondents were classified as meeting the criteria for dependence if they met three out of the seven criteria. For illicit drugs that do not include questions in NSDUH about a withdrawal criterion for establishing dependence (i.e., marijuana, hallucinogens, inhalants, and prescription tranquilizers), respondents were classified as meeting the criteria for dependence if they met three out of the six criteria for that substance. Respondents were asked the dependence questions for illicit drugs other than marijuana if they reported any use in the past 12 months. Respondents were asked the alcohol and marijuana dependence questions only if they indicated use of these substances on 6 or more days in the past 12 months. These criteria were not used to define nicotine (cigarette) dependence, which used a different series of items. Questions about dependence related to the use of methamphetamine in the past year were added to the survey in 2015 and were patterned after the questions for cocaine dependence. |
NSDUH h |
67 - Pain reliever dependence in the past year, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported pain reliever dependence in the past year | NSDUH dependence questions for alcohol or illicit drugs ask about the following symptoms, consistent with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV): (1) spent a lot of time engaging in activities related to substance use, (2) used the substance in greater quantities or for a
longer time than intended, (3) developed tolerance (i.e., needing to use the substance more than before to get desired effects or noticing that the same amount of
substance use had less effect than before), (4) made unsuccessful attempts to cut down on substance use, (5) continued substance use despite physical health or
emotional problems associated with substance use, (6) reduced or eliminated participation in other activities because of substance use, and (7) experienced withdrawal
symptoms.
For the specific illicit drugs (i.e., cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, prescription pain relievers, prescription stimulants, and prescription sedatives) and alcohol that include a withdrawal criterion as one of the criteria that can be used to establish dependence, respondents were classified as meeting the criteria for dependence if they met three out of the seven criteria. For illicit drugs that do not include questions in NSDUH about a withdrawal criterion for establishing dependence (i.e., marijuana, hallucinogens, inhalants, and prescription tranquilizers), respondents were classified as meeting the criteria for dependence if they met three out of the six criteria for that substance. Respondents were asked the dependence questions for illicit drugs other than marijuana if they reported any use in the past 12 months. Respondents were asked the alcohol and marijuana dependence questions only if they indicated use of these substances on 6 or more days in the past 12 months. These criteria were not used to define nicotine (cigarette) dependence, which used a different series of items. Questions about dependence related to the use of methamphetamine in the past year were added to the survey in 2015 and were patterned after the questions for cocaine dependence. | NSDUH h |
68 - Cocaine use in the past year, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported cocaine use in the past year | Measures of use of cocaine, including powder, crack, free base, and coca paste, in the respondent's lifetime, the past year, and the past month were derived from responses to the questions about lifetime and recency of use (e.g., "How long has it been since you last used any form of cocaine?"). The question about recency of use was asked if respondents previously reported any use of cocaine in their lifetime. | NSDUH h |
69 - Methamphetamine use in the past year, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported methamphetamine use in the past year | Measures of use of methamphetamine in the
respondent's lifetime, the past year, and the past month were derived from responses to the questions about lifetime and recency of use
(i.e., "Have you ever, even once, used methamphetamine?" and "How long has it been since you last used methamphetamine?"). The question about recency of use was asked if respondents previously reported any use of methamphetamine in their lifetime. Starting in 2015, respondents were asked about their use of methamphetamine separate from questions about their misuse of prescription stimulants.
The following definitional information preceded the question about lifetime use of methamphetamine: "Methamphetamine, also known as crank, ice, crystal meth, speed, glass, and many other names, is a stimulant that usually comes in crystal or powder forms. It can be smoked, 'snorted,' swallowed or injected." The methamphetamine section since 2015 has not included the prescription form of methamphetamine (Desoxyn®) as an example. |
NSDUH h |
70 - Perceptions of great risk from using cocaine once a month, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported preceiving great risk from using cocaine once a month | Respondents were asked to assess the extent to which people risk harming themselves physically and in other ways when they use various illicit drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes, with various levels of frequency. Response options were (1) no risk, (2) slight risk, (3) moderate risk, and (4) great risk. Although these questions on the perceived risk of harm from using various substances did not change for 2015, other changes to the 2015 questionnaire appeared to affect the comparability of several of these measures between 2015 and prior years. | NSDUH h |
71 - Needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment in the past year, but not receiving illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment in the past year, but not receiving illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility | Respondents who used alcohol or illicit drugs in the past year were classified into this category if they met criteria for having a substance use disorder (SUD) in the past year (i.e., dependence or abuse), based on definitions in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), but they did not report receipt of treatment in the past year at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). This treatment measure is referred to as a treatment gap. | NSDUH h |
72 - Needing illicit drug treatment in the past year, but not receiving illicit drug treatment at a specialty facility, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported needing illicit drug treatment in the past year, but not receiving illicit drug treatment at a specialty facility | Respondents who used illicit drugs in the past year were classified into this category if they met criteria for having a substance use disorder (SUD) in the past year (i.e., dependence or abuse), based on definitions in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), but they did not report receipt of treatment in the past year at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). This treatment measure is referred to as a treatment gap. | NSDUH h |
73 - Opioid dependence or abuse in the past year, among persons aged 12 years or older | The percentage of respondents who reported opioid use disorder in the past year | Respondents were classified as having an opioid use disorder (OUD) if they met criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV), for heroin use disorder, prescription pain reliever use disorder, or both in the past year. Respondents were not counted as having OUD if they did not meet the full dependence or abuse criteria individually for either heroin or prescription pain relievers. For example, respondents who met fewer than three criteria for heroin dependence and met fewer than three criteria for pain reliever dependence were not classified as having opioid dependence, regardless of whether the number of symptoms across the heroin and pain reliever dependence criteria summed to three or more. | NSDUH h |
Population estimates are developed by the US Census Bureau.
Estimates for 2020 and earlier are from Bridged Race Categories files, developed by the Census Bureau for the National Center for Health Statistics. The 2018 population estimates are used to calculate rates for 2019 and 2020.
Estimates for 2021 and later are from Special Tabulations from the US Census Population and Housing Unit Estimates Program.
See this document for information about why different estimates were used, the differences in these estimates, and why 2018 estimates were used to calculate rates for 2019 and 2020.
An asterisk (*) is used to indicate that a rate is unreliable/unstable. For most indicators, this usually occurs when there are fewer than 10 events in the numerator. For BRFSS indicators, this occurs when the relative standard error (RSE) is greater than 0.3 or when one-half the confidence interval (CI) is greater than 10 (for asymmetrical confidence intervals, both the lower and upper intervals greater than 10).
Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicators fall into two categories with regard to the desirable direction of their estimates. Sometimes lower estimates are better (e.g., the rate of overdose deaths involving any opioid, or the age-adjusted rate of opioid analgesics prescription) and in other cases higher estimates are better (e.g., the rate of patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder (OUD)).
The direction of a given Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicator is important to note because the county bar chart, map, and dial use color categories that are based on the direction of the Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicator. The indicator performance is also based on the direction of the Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicator. For details on how to tell the direction of a given indicator, please see the “Color Switch in County Dial Based on Direction of Indicator Estimates” subsection, below.
For each Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicator, dials, maps and bar charts are generated when there are enough counties with data different from each other so that dials, maps and charts can show meaningful differences among the counties. In particular, dials, maps and charts are not generated if 46 or more counties have rates that are equal to 0 or are missing, or if more than half the counties have the same rate. Dials, maps and charts are generated all other times. Tables are generated for all indicators in all counties, regardless of rate values.
When dials, maps and charts are generated, county estimates are grouped into three categories: yellow, green, and blue. These categories are displayed consistently in the county dial, the bar chart, and the New York State map for each tracking indicator.
The three colors represent the quartile distribution of estimates for the counties ordered from those doing the best to those doing the worst.
For Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicators where lower estimates are better (e.g., the rate of overdose deaths involving any opioid, or the age-adjusted rate of opioid analgesics prescription):
For Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicators where higher estimates are better (e.g., the rate of patients who received at least one buprenorphine prescription for opioid use disorder (OUD)):
The length of each color in the county dial represents the minimum and maximum values or cut-off points for the three categories. If the blue area is big, then the range of county estimates in the highest quartile is large; if the blue area is small, then the range of county estimates in the highest quartile is small.
For example, a county dial for one indicator / county shows a very large dark blue area which ranges from 139.2 to 304.3; while the blue-green area ranges from
98.6-<139.2 and has a much narrower width; similarly, the light green area has a narrow range of estimates from 20.4-<98.6.
For Opioid Data Dashboard tracking indicators where lower estimates are better (e.g., Overdose deaths involving any opioid, crude rate
per 100,000 population in Albany county), the blue category is displayed on the right side of the dial.
Three different methods were used to assess indicator performance.
The "#" sign indicates that the performance was determined using simple comparison and not statistical tests.
See Table 1 below for statistical significance techniques used for each type of data source to assess the indicator performance.
Use caution when interpreting significance. For more common conditions (i.e., high incidence rates), there is a higher likelihood that a relatively small change could be detected as statistically significant. Conversely, for rare conditions, the likelihood of detecting a statistically significant change is low even for reasonable changes.
Several data filters are available at state and county levels to quickly select indicators based on commonly desired criteria such as indicator data status as being compared to the Opioid Data Dashboard 2018 targets or indicator performance over time. Multiple filters can be selected simultaneously.
To better serve the needs for more local level data, we have assessed the availability of sub-county level data for the existing county level indicators. Depending on the availability of the information from the data sources, ZIP Code level data are presented.
Based on further assessment of the stability of the estimates and the impact of data suppression, the following four indicators were selected to be incorporated into the current Opioid Data Dashboard.
County maps display ZIP Code level data geographically by quartile. Regional quartiles were calculated separately for the five boroughs (counties) of New York City and the remaining counties of the state. Suppressed rates are included in the quantiles' calculation. A ZIP Code's color indicates the regional quartile it belongs to. Each map also contains the rate for the county, New York State, and its region.
Results are not shown (i.e., suppressed) when issues of confidentiality exist. Suppression rules vary depending on the data source and the indicator.
Data Sources | Suppression Criteria | Statistical Significance Techniques |
---|---|---|
Sample Surveys | ||
BRFSS | Unweighted denominator <50 or Unweighted numerator between 1 - 5 cases | Rate: one sided chi-square test with p-value <0.05 |
YRBSS | Unweighted denominator <100 | 95% CI comparison |
NSDUH | 95% CI comparison | |
Population Count Data | ||
Death | Denominator population <50 | Rate: one sided chi-square test with p-value <0.05 |
SPARCS | Numerator between 1 - 5 cases | Rate: one sided chi-square test with p-value <0.05 |
OASAS | Numerator between 1 - 10 cases | Rate: one sided chi-square test with p-value <0.05 |
PMP | Numerator between 1 - 5 cases | Rate: one sided chi-square test with p-value <0.05 |
EMS | Numerator between 1 - 10 cases | Rate: one sided chi-square test with p-value <0.05 |
CI: Confidence Interval
BRFSS: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
YRBSS: The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
NSDUH: National Survey on Drug Use and Health
SPARCS: Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System
OASAS: Office of Addiction Services and Supports
PMP: Prescription Monitoring Program
EMS: Emergency Medical Services
Data Source | Limitations |
---|---|
Vital Records | The accuracy of indicators based on codes found in Vital Statistics data is limited by the completeness and quality of reporting and coding. Death investigations may require weeks or months to complete; while investigations are being conducted, deaths may be assigned a pending status on the death certificate (ICD-10-CM underlying cause code of R99, “other ill-defined and unspecified causes of mortality”). Analysis of the percentage of death certificates with an underlying cause of death of R99 by age, over time, and by jurisdiction should be conducted to determine potential impact of incomplete underlying causes of death on drug overdose death indicators. The percentage of death certificates with information on the specific drug(s) involved in drug overdose deaths varies substantially by state and local jurisdiction and may vary over time. The substances tested for, the circumstances under which the tests are performed, and how information is reported on death certificates may also vary. Drug overdose deaths that lack information about the specific drugs may have involved opioids. Even after a death is ruled as caused by a drug overdose, information on the specific drug might not be subsequently added to the certificate. Therefore, estimates of fatal drug overdoses involving opioids may be underestimated from lack of drug specificity. Additionally, deaths involving heroin might be misclassified as involving morphine (a natural opioid), because morphine is a metabolite of heroin. The indicator “Overdose deaths involving opioid pain relievers” includes overdose deaths due to pharmaceutically and illicitly produced opioids, such as fentanyl. |
EMS | Documentation data entry errors can occur and may result in ‘naloxone administered’ being recorded when a different medication had actually been administered. Patients who present as unresponsive or with an altered mental status with unknown etiology may be administered naloxone, as part of the treatment protocol, while attempts are being made to determine the cause of the patient’s current unresponsive state or altered mental status. Not all cases are confirmed opioid overdose incidents. Electronic PCR data currently capture approximately 99% of all EMS data statewide, from 60%-65% of all certified EMS agencies. The remaining data are reported via paper PCR, from which extracting data related to naloxone administrations or opioid/heroin overdoses is impractical. The Suffolk County Medical Control data do not include patients recorded as ‘unresponsive/unknown’ who received a treatment protocol that includes naloxone. The National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) is a universal standard for how EMS patient care data are collected. Prior to 2019, most EMS agencies in New York State adhered to the NEMSIS version 2.2.1 standard that was released in 2005. As of January 1, 2020, most have transitioned to the updated NEMSIS version 3.4.0 standard. Now that NEMSIS version 3 data are being captured by New York State, the receipt of historical data has increased the number of naloxone administration reports counted for several counties. Additional increases may occur as more EMS agencies begin to submit NEMSIS version 3 data, which will be reflected in future as the data become available. |
SPARCS | The recent data may be incomplete and should be interpreted with caution. Health Care Facilities licensed in New York State, under Article 28 of the Public Health Law, are required to submit their inpatient and/or outpatient data to SPARCS. SPARCS is a comprehensive all-payer data reporting system established in 1979 as a result of cooperation between the healthcare industry and government. Created to collect information on discharges from hospitals, SPARCS now collects patient level detail on patient characteristics, diagnoses and treatments, services, and charges for hospitals, ambulatory surgical centers, and clinics, both hospital extension and diagnosis and treatment centers. Per NYS Rules and Regulations, Section 400.18 of Title 10, data are required to be submitted: (1) monthly, (2) 95% within 60 days following the end of the month of patient’s discharge/visit, and (3) 100% are due 180 days following the end of the month of the patient discharge/visit. Failure to comply may result in the issuance of Statement of Deficiencies (SODs) and facilities may be subject to a reimbursement rate penalty. The accuracy of indicators, which are based on diagnosis codes (ICD-10- CM on or after Oct. 1, 2015) reported by the facilities, is limited by the completeness and quality of reporting and coding by the facilities. The indicators are defined based on the principal diagnosis code or first-listed valid external cause code only. The sensitivity and specificity of these indicators may vary by year, hospital location, and drug type. Changes should be interpreted with caution due to the change in codes used for the definition. The SPARCS data do not include discharges by people who sought care from hospitals outside of New York State, which may lower numbers and rates for some counties, especially those which border other states. |
OASAS Client Data System (CDS) | Upon review, 2018 data was determined to be the most complete data year available. The CDS includes data for individuals served in the OASAS-certified treatment system. It does not have data for individuals who do not enter treatment, get treated by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, go outside New York State for treatment, are admitted to hospitals but not to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, get diverted to other systems, or receive an addictions medication from a physician outside the OASAS system of care. OASAS-certified substance use disorder treatment programs are required to submit their admissions data to the CDS not later than the fifth of the month following the clinical admission transaction. Data are considered to be substantially complete five months after the due date, but are able to be updated indefinitely. The accuracy of measures, which are based on data reported by the programs, is limited by the completeness, consistency and quality of reporting and coding by the programs. The sensitivity and specificity of these indicators may vary by provider, program, and possible substances reported. Opioid admissions data are not direct measures of the prevalence of opioid use. The availability of substance use disorder treatment services within a county may affect the number of admissions of county residents to programs offering those services. |
PMP | For all PMP indicators, several exclusions were applied. Prescriptions for out-of-state patients or without a valid patient’s NY ZIP Code were removed from the analysis. Data from veterinarians and prescription drugs administered to animals were not included in the analysis of PMP data. Prescriptions filled for opioids that have supply days greater than 90 were eliminated from the analysis. Also, opioids not typically used in outpatient settings and cold formulations including elixirs, antitussives, decongestants, antihistamines and expectorants were not included in the analyses. The Bureau of Narcotic Enforcement conducts an annual update of the National Drug Code (NDC) file used to identify select opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants in the PMP data. The historic prescription data is updated using the most recent NDC file each year. The application of the updated NDC file to the historic data may result in modifications to previous years data. |
BRFSS | https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/about/brfss_faq.htm https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/publications/data_qvr.htm |
YBRSS | https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/index.htm |
NSDUH | NSDUH estimates of substance use among adolescents have generally been lower than corresponding estimates from two school-based surveys:
Monitoring the Future (MTF) and the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) In December 2012, SAMHSA released a report, "Comparing and
Evaluating Youth Substance Use Estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and Other Surveys," which explored some of the reasons for this.
It is important to note that, although NSDUH has consistently shown lower prevalence rates than MTF and YRBSS, the trends have usually been parallel.
Unlike, MTF and YRBSS, NSDUH conducts interviews in the adolescent's home.
The SAMHSA report stated, "It is possible that conducting an interview in an
adolescent's home environment has an inhibitory effect on adolescent substance users' willingness to report use, even if parents or other household
members are not in the same room as the adolescent and are not able to see how adolescents are answering the substance use questions." The SAMHSA report noted that factors besides interview privacy also could contribute to lower estimates of adolescent substance use in NSDUH than in MTF or YRBSS. These other factors include the focus of the survey (e.g., primary focus on substance use or on broader health topics), how prominently substance use is mentioned when a survey is presented to parents and adolescents, procedures for obtaining parental permission for their children to be interviewed, assurances of anonymity or confidentiality, the placement and context of substance use questions in the interview, the survey mode (e.g., computer-assisted interviewing with skip patterns or paper-and-pencil questionnaires), and the question structure and wording. For example, NSDUH asks filter questions about lifetime use before asking about the most recent use of a substance or the frequency of use. Research has shown that filter questions can depress the reporting of certain behaviors. Some NSDUH respondents also may realize early during their interview that if they answer "no" to the initial filter questions about lifetime substance use, they can avoid having to answer subsequent questions and therefore will finish the interview in less time. The YRBSS questionnaire does not have these kinds of skip patterns, and the MTF questionnaire uses skip patterns minimally. In addition, students taking a survey in a classroom administration setting may not be motivated to finish sooner if they otherwise have to stay until the end of the class period. |
Population | The 2018 population estimates are also used to calculate rates for 2019 and 2020. |
If you have questions about the reports, please contact:
Public Health Information Group at: opioidprevention@health.ny.gov